diff --git a/ios/NebulaNetworkExtension/PacketTunnelProvider.swift b/ios/NebulaNetworkExtension/PacketTunnelProvider.swift
index df48d93..e047f1e 100644
--- a/ios/NebulaNetworkExtension/PacketTunnelProvider.swift
+++ b/ios/NebulaNetworkExtension/PacketTunnelProvider.swift
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ class PacketTunnelProvider: NEPacketTunnelProvider {
       return nil
     }
 
-    var error: Error?
+    var error: (any Error)?
     var data: JSON?
 
     // start command has special treatment due to needing to call two completers
@@ -264,27 +264,27 @@ class PacketTunnelProvider: NEPacketTunnelProvider {
     }
   }
 
-  private func listHostmap(pending: Bool) -> (JSON?, Error?) {
+  private func listHostmap(pending: Bool) -> (JSON?, (any Error)?) {
     var err: NSError?
     let res = nebula!.listHostmap(pending, error: &err)
     return (JSON(res), err)
   }
 
-  private func getHostInfo(args: JSON) -> (JSON?, Error?) {
+  private func getHostInfo(args: JSON) -> (JSON?, (any Error)?) {
     var err: NSError?
     let res = nebula!.getHostInfo(
       byVpnIp: args["vpnIp"].string, pending: args["pending"].boolValue, error: &err)
     return (JSON(res), err)
   }
 
-  private func setRemoteForTunnel(args: JSON) -> (JSON?, Error?) {
+  private func setRemoteForTunnel(args: JSON) -> (JSON?, (any Error)?) {
     var err: NSError?
     let res = nebula!.setRemoteForTunnel(
       args["vpnIp"].string, addr: args["addr"].string, error: &err)
     return (JSON(res), err)
   }
 
-  private func closeTunnel(args: JSON) -> (JSON?, Error?) {
+  private func closeTunnel(args: JSON) -> (JSON?, (any Error)?) {
     let res = nebula!.closeTunnel(args["vpnIp"].string)
     return (JSON(res), nil)
   }
diff --git a/ios/NebulaNetworkExtension/Site.swift b/ios/NebulaNetworkExtension/Site.swift
index 3efbe88..52bfec5 100644
--- a/ios/NebulaNetworkExtension/Site.swift
+++ b/ios/NebulaNetworkExtension/Site.swift
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ struct IncomingSite: Codable {
 
   func save(
     manager: NETunnelProviderManager?, saveToManager: Bool = true,
-    callback: @escaping (Error?) -> Void
+    callback: @escaping ((any Error)?) -> Void
   ) {
     let configPath: URL
 
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ struct IncomingSite: Codable {
   }
 
   private func saveToManager(
-    manager: NETunnelProviderManager?, callback: @escaping (Error?) -> Void
+    manager: NETunnelProviderManager?, callback: @escaping ((any Error)?) -> Void
   ) {
     if manager != nil {
       // We need to refresh our settings to properly update config
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ struct IncomingSite: Codable {
   }
 
   private func finishSaveToManager(
-    manager: NETunnelProviderManager, callback: @escaping (Error?) -> Void
+    manager: NETunnelProviderManager, callback: @escaping ((any Error)?) -> Void
   ) {
     // Stuff our details in the protocol
     let proto =
diff --git a/ios/NebulaNetworkExtension/SiteList.swift b/ios/NebulaNetworkExtension/SiteList.swift
index 471b338..699e668 100644
--- a/ios/NebulaNetworkExtension/SiteList.swift
+++ b/ios/NebulaNetworkExtension/SiteList.swift
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class SiteList {
       "logs", isDirectory: false)
   }
 
-  init(completion: @escaping ([String: Site]?, Error?) -> Void) {
+  init(completion: @escaping ([String: Site]?, (any Error)?) -> Void) {
     #if targetEnvironment(simulator)
       SiteList.loadAllFromFS { sites, err in
         if sites != nil {
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ class SiteList {
     #endif
   }
 
-  private static func loadAllFromFS(completion: @escaping ([String: Site]?, Error?) -> Void) {
+  private static func loadAllFromFS(completion: @escaping ([String: Site]?, (any Error)?) -> Void) {
     let fileManager = FileManager.default
     var siteDirs: [URL]
     var sites = [String: Site]()
@@ -97,7 +97,9 @@ class SiteList {
     completion(sites, nil)
   }
 
-  private static func loadAllFromNETPM(completion: @escaping ([String: Site]?, Error?) -> Void) {
+  private static func loadAllFromNETPM(
+    completion: @escaping ([String: Site]?, (any Error)?) -> Void
+  ) {
     var sites = [String: Site]()
 
     // dispatchGroup is used to ensure we have migrated all sites before returning them
diff --git a/ios/Runner/AppDelegate.swift b/ios/Runner/AppDelegate.swift
index 9528bbd..885fffc 100644
--- a/ios/Runner/AppDelegate.swift
+++ b/ios/Runner/AppDelegate.swift
@@ -318,13 +318,13 @@ func MissingArgumentError(message: String, details: Any?) -> FlutterError {
   }
 }
 
-func MissingArgumentError(message: String, details: Error? = nil) -> FlutterError {
+func MissingArgumentError(message: String, details: (any Error)? = nil) -> FlutterError {
   return FlutterError(code: "missingArgument", message: message, details: details)
 }
 
 func NoArgumentsError(
   message: String? = "no arguments were provided or could not be deserialized",
-  details: Error? = nil
+  details: (any Error)? = nil
 ) -> FlutterError {
   return FlutterError(code: "noArguments", message: message, details: details)
 }
diff --git a/ios/Runner/DNUpdate.swift b/ios/Runner/DNUpdate.swift
index 9f7f2c1..c59652f 100644
--- a/ios/Runner/DNUpdate.swift
+++ b/ios/Runner/DNUpdate.swift
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class RepeatingTimer {
     self.timeInterval = timeInterval
   }
 
-  private lazy var timer: DispatchSourceTimer = {
+  private lazy var timer: any DispatchSourceTimer = {
     let t = DispatchSource.makeTimerSource()
     t.schedule(deadline: .now(), repeating: self.timeInterval)
     t.setEventHandler(handler: { [weak self] in
diff --git a/ios/Runner/Sites.swift b/ios/Runner/Sites.swift
index a477513..ed7b198 100644
--- a/ios/Runner/Sites.swift
+++ b/ios/Runner/Sites.swift
@@ -13,13 +13,13 @@ class SiteContainer {
 
 class Sites {
   private var containers = [String: SiteContainer]()
-  private var messenger: FlutterBinaryMessenger?
+  private var messenger: (any FlutterBinaryMessenger)?
 
-  init(messenger: FlutterBinaryMessenger?) {
+  init(messenger: (any FlutterBinaryMessenger)?) {
     self.messenger = messenger
   }
 
-  func loadSites(completion: @escaping ([String: Site]?, Error?) -> Void) {
+  func loadSites(completion: @escaping ([String: Site]?, (any Error)?) -> Void) {
     _ = SiteList { (sites, err) in
       if err != nil {
         return completion(nil, err)
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ class Sites {
     }
   }
 
-  func deleteSite(id: String, callback: @escaping (Error?) -> Void) {
+  func deleteSite(id: String, callback: @escaping ((any Error)?) -> Void) {
     if let site = self.containers.removeValue(forKey: id) {
       _ = KeyChain.delete(key: "\(site.site.id).dnCredentials")
       _ = KeyChain.delete(key: "\(site.site.id).key")
@@ -85,9 +85,9 @@ class SiteUpdater: NSObject, FlutterStreamHandler {
   private var notification: Any?
   public var startFunc: (() -> Void)?
   private var configFd: Int32? = nil
-  private var configObserver: DispatchSourceFileSystemObject? = nil
+  private var configObserver: (any DispatchSourceFileSystemObject)? = nil
 
-  init(messenger: FlutterBinaryMessenger, site: Site) {
+  init(messenger: any FlutterBinaryMessenger, site: Site) {
     do {
       let configPath = try SiteList.getSiteConfigFile(id: site.id, createDir: false)
       self.configFd = open(configPath.path, O_EVTONLY)